Southern Region

The southern region of Afghanistan, encompassing five provinces including Kandahar, Hilmand, Nimroz, Uruzgan, and Zabul, faces a myriad of humanitarian challenges against a backdrop of historical significance and geopolitical complexities. With a total population of approximately 7.2 million people, of which 3.7 million are in need and 3 million are targeted for assistance in 2024, the region grapples with a range of pressing humanitarian needs.

Kandahar, situated at the heart of southern Afghanistan, is historically significant as the birthplace of key Afghan historical figures and the Taliban movement. It serves as a strategic crossroads for major trade routes, yet it also bears the scars of prolonged conflict and instability. Following extensive fighting, the Taliban took control of the government in Kandahar and the entire country in August 2021, making it a key stronghold for Taliban leadership and decision-making.

The humanitarian context in the southern region is marked by a complex operational environment characterized by various drivers. Armed groups, including the Taliban and other factions, operate in the area, often leading to intra-group conflicts and cross-border tensions. Additionally, the region faces challenges from landmines, explosive remnants of war (ERWs), and the threat of rapid-onset natural disasters such as flooding and landslides, particularly during the winter months.

The socio-economic and political backdrop exacerbates existing vulnerabilities, with widespread food insecurity, inadequate health and water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services, and a looming economic crisis contributing to high levels of malnutrition and the spread of communicable diseases. Women and children are at heightened risk of protection-related impacts, further underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive humanitarian assistance and support in the region.